Who heads the executive branch of the federal government?

The President heads the executive branch of the federal government, which is established in the U.S. Constitution. As the leader of the executive branch, the President is responsible for enforcing and implementing federal laws, directing national defense and foreign policy, and overseeing the various federal agencies and departments.

The role of the President is crucial because this position embodies the leadership and decision-making authority within the executive framework. In this capacity, the President also has the power to veto legislation passed by Congress, appoint federal officials (including Supreme Court Justices), and serve as Commander in Chief of the armed forces, thus influencing many aspects of governance and policy at the national level.

Understanding the roles of the other options provides clarity around why they are not responsible for heading the executive branch. Congress is the legislative branch that creates laws, while the Vice President primarily assists the President and presides over the Senate. The Chief Justice leads the judicial branch and oversees the Supreme Court, focusing on interpreting laws rather than executing them. Thus, the significant functions and powers of the President make this option the correct choice.