How many justices are on the Supreme Court?

The Supreme Court of the United States is made up of nine justices. This number has been established since 1869 and includes one Chief Justice and eight Associate Justices. The decision to have nine justices is rooted in the Judiciary Act of 1869, and it has remained unchanged despite various proposals over the years to alter the size of the court.

Having nine justices helps to ensure a balance among differing judicial philosophies and provides a full bench to resolve cases effectively. The odd number also helps prevent tie votes, which can occur if the court had an even number of justices. If a tie happens, the lower court's decision stands without setting a national precedent.

Understanding the composition of the Supreme Court is critical as these justices have a profound impact on U.S. law and society through their interpretations of the Constitution and federal law.